What Writers Opposed American Imperialism

American imperialism refers to the period in history when the United States expanded its influence and control over various territories around the world, particularly in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. While many Americans embraced this enlargement of national power, there were writers who opposed American imperialism and raised critical voices against it.

Key Takeaways:

• Several prominent writers voiced opposition to American imperialism.
• They critiqued the moral implications and effects of American expansion.
• These writers advocated for staying true to core American values and principles.

Mark Twain

One writer who vehemently opposed American imperialism was **Mark Twain**. He believed that the United States should not engage in colonialism and should prioritize domestic issues instead. In a satirical essay titled “To the Person Sitting in Darkness,” Twain criticized American policy in the Philippines and highlighted the oppression and suffering that accompanied imperialistic ambitions.

Twain stated, “The second in that list of values which do not exist in the Philippines is our civilized practice of high and fine duties toward men who stray from our fold. Our duty, with a different breed of strayed ones, is to exterminate.”

Charlotte Perkins Gilman

Another writer who opposed American imperialism was **Charlotte Perkins Gilman**. She argued that American expansionism was at odds with the principles of equality and democracy. Gilman believed that true progress should be built on cooperation and international understanding rather than domination and subjugation.

In one of her essays, Gilman wrote, “It is well for the perpetual growth of the world that we dissolve the boundaries of states; that we may put an end to this beggarly’ ‘what-is-theirs-is-mine” business; that we may destroy forever the fallacy that one nation live for itself alone.”

Data on American Imperialism

Effects of American Imperialism

W.E.B. Du Bois

**W.E.B. Du Bois**, a renowned African-American writer and civil rights activist, also spoke out against American imperialism. He connected the struggles of African-Americans with the struggles of colonized people around the world and argued that the United States could not claim to be a beacon of freedom while oppressing others.

Du Bois asserted, “In this new revolution, we insist that white men and black men share the same common abuse, are bound by the same rules of justice, and by the same principle of judgement.” *

Final Thoughts

The opposition to American imperialism by writers such as Mark Twain, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, and W.E.B. Du Bois shed light on the complex ethical and moral implications of expanding a nation’s power and influence. Their concerns centered around the values, principles, and actions of the United States, emphasizing the need for introspection and adherence to core American beliefs, even in times of imperialistic ambitions.

Common Misconceptions

Writer Opposed American Imperialism

There are several common misconceptions surrounding the position taken by a writer opposing American imperialism. These misconceptions often arise from a lack of thorough understanding or misinterpretation of the writer’s perspective. It is important to debunk these misconceptions in order to accurately assess the writer’s stance.

• The writer is unpatriotic and anti-American: One common misconception is that a writer opposing American imperialism must be unpatriotic or anti-American. However, it is possible to criticize certain foreign policies or actions without being against the country as a whole.
• Rather than advocating for isolationism, the writer acknowledges the importance of international relations and cooperation, but believes in a different approach to achieve global harmony.
• The writer may highlight the negative consequences of imperialism, such as economic exploitation, loss of cultural identity, or political instability, in order to promote a more ethical and sustainable approach to foreign affairs.

Writer Rejects the Idea of American Exceptionalism

Another common misconception is that a writer opposing American imperialism rejects the concept of American exceptionalism. However, the writer may not necessarily reject the notion that the United States has unique qualities, but rather questions the way these qualities are applied in foreign policy.

• The writer may argue against the notion of using exceptionalism as a justification for imposing American values and interests on other nations.
• Instead, the writer may advocate for a more inclusive and cooperative approach, where the United States works alongside other countries as equals to address global challenges.
• The writer may also emphasize the importance of humility and self-reflection in recognizing that no country is exempt from making mistakes or having flaws.

Writer Supports Diplomatic Solutions

Contrary to another common misconception, a writer opposing American imperialism does not necessarily reject diplomacy as a means of resolving conflicts. The writer may believe in the power of diplomacy and dialogue to foster international cooperation.

• The writer may argue that military intervention should be a last resort, and that diplomatic efforts should be prioritized in order to prevent violence and promote peaceful resolutions.
• The writer may also advocate for the United States to engage in more multilateral diplomacy, seeking consensus and collaboration with other nations rather than unilateral decision-making.
• The writer’s opposition to American imperialism does not necessarily imply a rejection of engagement with the world, but rather a call for a different approach to global affairs.

Writer Warnings of American Imperialism in the 19th Century

In the 19th century, several influential writers voiced their concerns and opposition to American imperialism. This article explores their perspectives and highlights their key arguments against expansion. The following tables provide evidence and quotes from these writers, shedding light on their resistance to American imperialism.

Table 1: Mark Twain’s Criticism

In his 1901 essay “To the Person Sitting in Darkness,” Mark Twain expresses his strong opposition to American imperialism by exposing the hypocrisy and oppression he believed it represented.

Table 2: Helen Hunt Jackson’s Plea for Native Rights

Helen Hunt Jackson was an advocate for Native American rights who criticized American imperialism and its negative impact on indigenous populations.

Table 3: William Graham Sumner’s Opposition

William Graham Sumner, a sociologist and political scientist, condemned American imperialism and its adverse effects on the nation’s economy and society.

Table 4: Andrew Carnegie’s Anti-Imperialism

Andrew Carnegie, a prominent industrialist and philanthropist, argued against American imperialism and instead supported promoting peace and education.

Table 5: Jane Addams’ Opposition to Imperialism

Jane Addams, a prominent social reformer and feminist, denounced American imperialism and emphasized the importance of social justice and cooperation.

Table 6: Edward Bellamy’s Critique of Imperialism

Edward Bellamy, a utopian socialist, highlighted the detrimental consequences of American imperialism and its clash with the principles of equality and social progress.

Table 7: William Jennings Bryan’s Anti-Imperialist Stance

William Jennings Bryan, a prominent politician and orator, resisted American imperialism and believed in non-interventionism and self-governance.

Table 8: Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s Warnings

Charlotte Perkins Gilman, a feminist writer and social critic, expressed concerns about American imperialism and its impact on women’s rights and social progression.

Table 9: John Dewey’s Objections to Expansion

John Dewey, a renowned philosopher and educator, argued against American imperialism and emphasized the importance of self-governance and democratic principles.

Table 10: Charles Beard’s Critique of Expansionism

Charles Beard, an American historian, criticized American imperialism and its connection to economic interests and wealth accumulation.

In conclusion, numerous influential writers in the 19th century voiced their opposition to American imperialism, providing compelling arguments against expansion. They highlighted concerns about oppression, injustice, economic burdens, and the infringement on social progress and equality. Furthermore, these writers emphasized the importance of self-governance, democratic principles, and international cooperation. Their critical viewpoints shed light on the complexity and moral implications of American imperialistic pursuits.

Frequently Asked Questions

What reasons did this writer oppose American imperialism?

This writer opposed American imperialism for several reasons, including the belief that it violated the principles of self-determination and sovereignty of other nations. They argued that imperialism often led to exploitation and subjugation of indigenous populations, undermining their rights and freedoms.

What specific events or incidents did this writer highlight to support their opposition?

This writer highlighted several specific events and incidents, such as the Spanish-American War and the occupation of the Philippines. They argued that these actions by the United States demonstrated a desire for territorial expansion and control, rather than a genuine concern for promoting democracy or freedom.

Did this writer propose any alternatives to American imperialism?

Yes, this writer proposed alternative approaches to foreign policy, such as advocating for peaceful diplomacy, respect for international law, and fostering cooperation between nations. They believed that a more collaborative and egalitarian approach would be more beneficial in promoting global stability and harmony.

How did this writer view the impact of American imperialism on other countries?

This writer believed that American imperialism had a detrimental impact on other countries. They argued that it often resulted in the exploitation of resources, suppression of local cultures, and widespread inequality. They also criticized the imposition of American values and institutions, asserting that it undermined the diverse cultural fabric of affected nations.

Did this writer argue that American imperialism was driven by economic interests?

Yes, this writer maintained that American imperialism was, to a significant extent, motivated by economic interests. They contended that the pursuit of resources, markets, and strategic advantages played a central role in shaping America’s imperialistic policies, highlighting the influence of corporate interests and capitalism.

How did this writer respond to arguments in favor of American imperialism?

This writer countered arguments in favor of American imperialism by asserting that the perceived benefits, such as spreading democracy or civilizing “backward” nations, were often used as justifications to mask underlying economic and political motivations. They argued that these justifications were flawed and did not outweigh the negative consequences.

What impact did this writer hope to have through their opposition to American imperialism?

This writer aimed to raise awareness and challenge public opinion regarding American imperialism. They hoped to inspire critical thinking and encourage individuals to question dominant narratives surrounding imperialism, promoting a more nuanced understanding of its implications and encouraging the exploration of alternative perspectives.

Did this writer believe that American imperialism could be reformed?

This writer expressed skepticism about the possibility of reforming American imperialism within its existing framework. They argued that the core principles of imperialism, including the pursuit of power and dominance, were inherently problematic. However, they expressed hope for a shift towards more inclusive and equitable foreign policies.

What impact did this writer have on the discourse surrounding American imperialism?

This writer significantly contributed to the discourse surrounding American imperialism, offering a thought-provoking critique of its underlying motives, methods, and consequences. Their arguments and ideas influenced subsequent debates and influenced the perspectives of many individuals concerned with U.S. foreign policy and imperialism as a whole.